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Cecil House
Cecil House refers to two historical mansions on The Strand, London, in the vicinity of the Savoy. The first was a 16th-century house on the north side, where the Strand Palace Hotel now stands. The second was built in the early 17th century on the south side nearly opposite, where Shell Mex House stands today.
==Exeter House==
The first, also called Exeter House or Burghley House, was on the north side of the Strand; it was built in the 16th century by Lord Burghley as an expansion of an existing house;〔The house, on the site of the rectory of St Clement Danes, was built by Sir Thomas Palmer, disgraced for his support of Lady Jane Grey and executed with John Dudley, 1st Duke of Northumberland in 1553 (Husselby and Henderson 2002:162).〕 Cecil moved his London residence there in 1560, and Queen Elizabeth supped with him there in July 1561 "before my house was fully finished", Cecil recorded in his diary, calling the place "my rude new cottage" in a letter;〔Husselby and Henderson 2002:160.〕 When Cecil was created Lord Burghley in 1571, this London seat became known as Burghley House. In fact it was a symmetrical double-courtyard brick house of three storeys, with four-storey corner turrets. A central entrance led from The Strand into the front court〔A coloured plan of the house and garden as it was ca 1562–67, discovered in the muniment room, Burghley House, in 1999 (Burghley MS M358), provided the first detailed architectural information: "it is also the earliest representation of any English garden", according to Husselby and Henderson 2002:164.〕 At its garden front, with a central bay window and corner turrets, the house looked over gardens on grounds purchased from the Earl of Bedford and the earl's fields of Covent Garden beyond. The garden included a mount with a spiralling path to its top, a paved tennis court, a bowling alley and an orchard.
The house became the residence of Burghley's elder son Thomas Cecil, created Earl of Exeter in 1605; thus in Wenceslas Hollar's bird's-eye view of London (ca 1658) it is labelled "Exeter House". The structure formed a notch in the north side of The Strand.〔Seen in the engraving above and in John Norden's map of Westminster, London, in ''Speculum Britanniae'', 1593 (illustrated as figure 2 in Husselby and Henderson 2002:160).〕 It was converted in 1676 into Exeter Exchange and demolished in 1829.
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